Essential Books

Alignment and padding

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The format() method can be used to change the alignment of the string. You have to do it with a format expression of the form :[fill_char][align_operator][width] where align_operator is one of:

fill_char (if omitted default is whitespace) is the character used for the padding. 

'{:~<9s}, World'.format('Hello')
# 'Hello~~~~, World'

'{:~>9s}, World'.format('Hello')
# '~~~~Hello, World'

'{:~^9s}'.format('Hello')
# '~~Hello~~'

'{:0=6d}'.format(-123)
# '-00123'

Note: you could achieve the same results using the string functions ljust(), rjust(), center(), zfill(), however these functions are deprecated since version 2.5.

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String Formatting:
* String Formatting
* Basics of String Formatting
* Alignment and padding
* Format literals f-string
* Float formatting
* String formatting with datetime
* Named placeholders
* Formatting Numerical Values
* Nested formatting
* Format using Getitem and Getattr
* Padding and truncating strings combined
* Custom formatting for a class
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189 Raise Custom Errors Exceptions
190 Using loops within functions
191 Contributors