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if else

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The if statement in the example above allows to execute a code fragment, when the condition is met. When you want to execute a code fragment, when the condition is not met you extend the if with an else. 

if ($a > $b) {
  echo "a is greater than b";
} else {
  echo "a is NOT greater than b";
}

PHP Manual - Control Structures - Else

The ternary operator as shorthand syntax for if-else

The ternary operator evaluates something based on a condition being true or not. It is a comparison operator and often used to express a simple if-else condition in a shorter form. It allows to quickly test a condition and often replaces a multi-line if statement, making your code more compact.

This is the example from above using a ternary expression and variable values: $a=1; $b=2; 

echo ($a > $b) ? "a is greater than b" : "a is NOT greater than b";

Outputs: a is NOT greater than b.

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Control structures:
* Control Structures
* if else
* Alternative syntax for control structures
* do-while
* goto
* declare
* while
* include require
* return
* for
* foreach
* if elseif else
* if
* switch
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