Essential Books

Object cloning

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When you want a complete copy of an object (i.e. the object properties and the values inside those properties, etc…), that is called deep cloning.

If an object can be serialized to JSON, then you can create a deep clone of it with a combination of JSON.parse and JSON.stringify: 

var existing = { a: 1, b: { c: 2 } };
var copy = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(existing));
existing.b.c = 3; // copy.b.c will not change

Note that JSON.stringify will convert Date objects to ISO-format string representations, but JSON.parse will not convert the string back into a Date.

There is no built-in function in JavaScript for creating deep clones, and it is not possible in general to create deep clones for every object for many reasons. For example,

Assuming that you have a “nice” object whose properties only contain primitive values, dates, arrays, or other “nice” objects, then the following function can be used for making deep clones. It is a recursive function that can detect objects with a cyclic structure and will throw an error in such cases. 

function deepClone(obj) {
    function clone(obj, traversedObjects) {
        var copy;
        // primitive types
        if(obj === null || typeof obj !== "object") {
            return obj;
        }

        // detect cycles
        for(var i = 0; i < traversedObjects.length; i++) {
            if(traversedObjects[i] === obj) {
                throw new Error("Cannot clone circular object.");
            }
        }

        // dates
        if(obj instanceof Date) {
            copy = new Date();
            copy.setTime(obj.getTime());
            return copy;
        }
        // arrays
        if(obj instanceof Array) {
            copy = [];
            for(var i = 0; i < obj.length; i++) {
                copy.push(clone(obj[i], traversedObjects.concat(obj)));
            }
            return copy;
        }
        // simple objects
        if(obj instanceof Object) {
            copy = {};
            for(var key in obj) {
                if(obj.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
                    copy[key] = clone(obj[key], traversedObjects.concat(obj));
                }
            }
            return copy;
        }
        throw new Error("Not a cloneable object.");
    }

    return clone(obj, []);
}
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Objects:
* Syntax
* Parameters
* Shallow cloning
* Object.freeze
* Object cloning
* Object properties iteration
* Object.assign
* Object rest / spread (...)
* Accessor properties get and set
* Convert objects values to array
* Dynamic variable property names
* Arrays are Objects
* Object.defineProperty
* Object.seal
* Retrieving properties from an object
* Object.keys
* Descriptors and Named Properties
* Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor
* Lock property description
* Non enumerable property
* Read-only property
* Creating an iterable object
* Properties with special characters or reserved words
* Iterating entries with Object.entries
* Object.values
Table Of Contents
0 Getting started
1 Comments
2 Basic data types
3 Built-in constants
4 Variables
5 Declarations and assignments
6 Reserved keywords
7 Data types in JavaScript
8 Strings
9 Escape sequences
10 Template Literals
11 Arrays
12 Objects
13 Prototypes objects
14 Classes
15 Variable coercion / conversion
16 Map
17 Set
18 Arithmetic Math
19 Bitwise operators
20 Bitwise operators
21 Unary Operators
22 Comparison operations
23 Conditions
24 Loops
25 Functions
26 Arrow functions
27 Date
28 Date comparison
29 Scope
30 AJAX
31 Promises
32 Regular Expression
33 Error Handling
34 Geolocation
35 Cookies
36 Intervals and timeouts
37 Generators
38 History of visited urls
39 Strict mode
40 Custom Elements
41 JSON
42 Binary Data
43 Web Storage
44 Fetch
45 Modules
46 Screen
47 Inheritance
48 Timestamps
49 Destructuring assignment
50 Web Worker
51 Debugging
52 Notifications API
53 WebSockets
54 Web Cryptography API
55 Async functions, async / await
56 Constructor functions
57 execCommand and contenteditable
58 Performance Tips
59 Design patterns
60 requestAnimationFrame
61 Method chaining
62 Global error handling in browsers
63 File API, blobs and FileReaders
64 Console
65 Tail call optimization
66 Detecting browser
67 Enumerations
68 Symbols
69 Localization
70 Selection API
71 Callbacks
72 Functional JavaScript
73 Modals
74 Data attributes
75 Event Loop
76 Events
77 Data manipulation
78 BOM Browser Object Model
79 Unit Testing
80 Linters for ensuring code quality
81 Automatic Semicolon Insertion
82 IndexedDB
83 Anti-patterns
84 Navigator Object
85 Modularization techniques
86 Proxy
87 Same origin policy, cross-origin communication
88 postMessage and MessageEvent
89 WeakMap
90 WeakSet
91 Behaviroal Design Patterns
92 Server-sent events
93 Async iterators
94 Namespacing
95 Evaluating JavaScript
96 Memory efficiency
97 How to make iterator usable inside async callback function
98 Context this
99 Setters and getters
100 Vibration API
101 Fluent API
102 Tilde
103 Security issues
104 Get and set CSS custom variables
105 Contributors