Communication between Fragments

// Our MainActivity implements the interface defined by the SenderFragment. This enables
// communication from the fragment to the activity
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements SenderFragment.SendMessageListener {

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
}

/**
 * This method is called when we click on the button in the SenderFragment
 * @param message The message sent by the SenderFragment
 */
@Override
public void onSendMessage(String message) {
    // Find our ReceiverFragment using the SupportFragmentManager and the fragment's id
    ReceiverFragment receiverFragment = (ReceiverFragment)
            getSupportFragmentManager().findFragmentById(R.id.fragment_receiver);

    // Make sure that such a fragment exists
    if (receiverFragment != null) {
        // Send this message to the ReceiverFragment by calling its public method
        receiverFragment.showMessage(message);
    }
}
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:id="@+id/activity_main"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context="com.naru.fragmentcommunication.MainActivity">

<fragment
    android:id="@+id/fragment_sender"
    android:name="com.naru.fragmentcommunication.SenderFragment"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="0dp"
    android:layout_weight="1"
    tools:layout="@layout/fragment_sender" />

<fragment
    android:id="@+id/fragment_receiver"
    android:name="com.naru.fragmentcommunication.ReceiverFragment"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="0dp"
    android:layout_weight="1"
    tools:layout="@layout/fragment_receiver" />
</LinearLayout>

public class SenderFragment extends Fragment {

private SendMessageListener commander;

/**
 * This interface is created to communicate between the activity and the fragment. Any activity
 * which implements this interface will be able to receive the message that is sent by this
 * fragment.
 */
public interface SendMessageListener {
    void onSendMessage(String message);
}

/**
 * API LEVEL >= 23
 * <p>
 * This method is called when the fragment is attached to the activity. This method here will
 * help us to initialize our reference variable, 'commander' , for our interface
 * 'SendMessageListener'
 *
 * @param context
 */
@Override
public void onAttach(Context context) {
    super.onAttach(context);
    // Try to cast the context to our interface SendMessageListener i.e. check whether the
    // activity implements the SendMessageListener. If not a ClassCastException is thrown.
    try {
        commander = (SendMessageListener) context;
    } catch (ClassCastException e) {
        throw new ClassCastException(context.toString()
                + "must implement the SendMessageListener interface");
    }
}

/**
 * API LEVEL < 23
 * <p>
 * This method is called when the fragment is attached to the activity. This method here will
 * help us to initialize our reference variable, 'commander' , for our interface
 * 'SendMessageListener'
 *
 * @param activity
 */
@Override
public void onAttach(Activity activity) {
    super.onAttach(activity);
    // Try to cast the context to our interface SendMessageListener i.e. check whether the
    // activity implements the SendMessageListener. If not a ClassCastException is thrown.
    try {
        commander = (SendMessageListener) activity;
    } catch (ClassCastException e) {
        throw new ClassCastException(activity.toString()
                + "must implement the SendMessageListener interface");
    }
}

@Nullable
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container,
                         @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    // Inflate view for the sender fragment.
    View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_receiver, container, false);

    // Initialize button and a click listener on it
    Button send = (Button) view.findViewById(R.id.bSend);
    send.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {

            // Sanity check whether we were able to properly initialize our interface reference
            if (commander != null) {

                // Call our interface method. This enables us to call the implemented method
                // in the activity, from where we can send the message to the ReceiverFragment.
                commander.onSendMessage("HELLO FROM SENDER FRAGMENT!");
            }
        }
    });

    return view;
}
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:gravity="center"
    android:orientation="vertical">

<Button
    android:id="@+id/bSend"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="SEND"
    android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal" />
</LinearLayout>

public class ReceiverFragment extends Fragment {
TextView tvMessage;

@Nullable
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container,
                         @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    // Inflate view for the sender fragment.
    View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_receiver, container, false);

    // Initialize the TextView
    tvMessage = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.tvReceivedMessage);

    return view;
}

/**
 * Method that is called by the MainActivity when it receives a message from the SenderFragment.
 * This method helps update the text in the TextView to the message sent by the SenderFragment.
 * @param message Message sent by the SenderFragment via the MainActivity.
 */
public void showMessage(String message) {
    tvMessage.setText(message);
}
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:gravity="center"
    android:orientation="vertical">
<TextView
    android:id="@+id/tvReceivedMessage"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="Waiting for message!" />
</LinearLayout>